Simbody: multibody dynamics for biomedical research
Michael Sherman, Ajay Seth, Scott L. Delp
Procedia IUTAM 2 (2011) 241–261
Minimal formulation of joint motions for biomechanisms
Ajay Seth, Michael Sherman, Peter Eastman, Scott Delp
Nonlinear Dynamics 62 (2010) 291-303
What is moment arm? Calculating muscle effectiveness in biomechanical models using generalized coordinates
Michael Sherman, Ajay Seth, and Scott Delp
Proc. ASME IDETC/CIE Conference, Paper DETC2013-13633, Aug 2013, Portland, Oregon
Note: as of OpenSim 3.2, the limitations described in this paper for moving muscle points (MMPs) have been addressed. We added an additional term to the MMP calculation so that the moment arm result now matches the dL/dθ result in all cases.
A schematic showing terminology for joints in OpenSim